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A craft or trade is a pursuit or a profession that requires particular skills and knowledge of proficient work. In a historical sense, particularly the middle Ages and earlier, the term is usually applied to people occupied in small-scale production of goods, or their maintenance, for example by tinkers. The time-honored term craftsman is nowadays often replaced by artisan and rarely by craftsperson (craftspeople).

Historically, the more specialized crafts gone high value products tended to concentrate in urban centers and formed guilds. The capacity required by their professions and the craving to be each time operational in the exchange of goods often demanded a generally unconventional level of education, and craftsmen were usually in a more privileged aim than the peasantry in societal hierarchy. The households of craftsmen were not as self-sufficient as those of people engaged in agricultural put it on and as a result had to rely on the exchange of goods. Some crafts, especially in areas such as pottery, woodworking, and the various stages of textile production, could be expert on a part-time basis by those also energetic in agriculture, and often formed allowance of village life.

Once an apprentice of a craft had the end his apprenticeship, he would become a journeyman searching for a area to set stirring his own shop and make a living. After he set going on his own shop, he could then call himself a master of his craft.

This system of a stepwise entrance to mastery of a craft, which includes the obtainment of a definite amount of education and the learning of skills, has survived in some countries of the world until today. But crafts have undergone deep structural changes before and during the era of the Industrial Revolution. The growth production of goods by large-scale industry has limited crafts to make known segments in which industry's modes of full of life or its mass-produced goods would not or cannot satisfy the preferences of potential buyers. Moreover, as an upshot of these changes, craftspeople today increasingly make use of semi-finished components or materials and adjust these to their customers' requirements or demands and, if necessary, to the environments of their customers. Thus, they participate in a determined isolation of labour amongst industry and craft.

The term crafts is often used to describe the associates of artistic practices within the associates decorative arts that traditionally are defined by their link to working or utilitarian products (such as sculptural forms in the vessel tradition) or by their use of such natural media as wood, clay, ceramics, glass, textiles, and metal.

The Arts and Crafts leisure interest originated in Britain during the late 19th century and was characterized by a style of beautification reminiscent of medieval times. The primary artist allied later the interest is William Morris, whose accomplish was reinforced with writings from John Ruskin. The leisure interest placed a tall importance on the setting of craftsmanship while emphasizing the importance for the arts to contribute to economic reform.