A pen is a common writing instrument used to apply ink to a surface, usually paper, for writing or drawing. Historically, reed pens, quill pens, and dip pens were used, similar to a nib dipped in ink. Ruling pens allow precise becoming accustomed of line width, and still locate a few specialized uses, but complex pens such as the Rapidograph are more commonly used. innovative types tally up ballpoint, rollerball, fountain and felt or ceramic tip pens.
The main highly developed types of pens can be categorized by the kind of writing tip or point on the pen:
A ballpoint pen dispenses an oil-based ink by rolling a little hard sphere, usually 0.51.2 mm and made of brass, steel, or tungsten carbide. The ink dries a propos tersely on edit in imitation of paper. The ballpoint pen is usually well-behaved and comes in both inexpensive and expensive types. It has replaced the fountain pen as the most common tool for secret writing. (There are sure ballpoint pens combining multiple colours in a single barrel; the writer or player may distress the tip later than the desired colour). Lszl Br patented the first commercially well-off ballpoint pen.
A rollerball pen dispenses a water-based liquid or gel ink through a ball tip same to that of a ballpoint pen. The less-viscous ink is more easily absorbed by paper than oil-based ink, and the pen moves more easily across a writing surface. The rollerball pen was initially designed to affix the user-friendliness of a ballpoint pen later the serene "wet ink" effect of a fountain pen. Gel inks are reachable in a range of colors, including metallic paint colors, glitter effects, neon, blurred effects, saturated colors, pastel tones, animated shades, shady colors, invisible ink, see-through effect, bright colors, and glow-in-the-dark effects. Refillable rollerball pens have recently become friendly using cartridges of fountain pen ink.
A fountain pen uses water-based liquid ink delivered through a nib. The ink flows from a reservoir through a "feed" to the nib, subsequently through the nib, due to capillary take action and gravity. The nib has no heartwarming parts and delivers ink through a thin slit to the writing surface. A fountain pen reservoir can be refillable or disposable; the disposable type is called an ink cartridge. A pen once a refillable reservoir may have a mechanism, such as a piston, to appeal ink from a bottle through the nib, or it may require refilling subsequently an eyedropper. Refill reservoirs, then known as cartridge converters, are welcoming for some pens which use disposable cartridges. A fountain pen can be used taking into consideration steadfast or non-permanent inks.
A felt-tip pen, or marker, has a permeable tip of fibrous material. The smallest, finest-tipped felt-tip pens are used for writing upon paper. Medium-tipped felt-tips are often used by children for coloring and drawing. Larger types, often called "markers", are used for writing in larger sizes, often on supplementary surfaces such as corrugated boxes, whiteboards and for chalkboards, often called "liquid chalk" or "chalkboard markers". Markers subsequently wide tips and bright but transparent ink, called highlighters, are used to highlight text that has already been written or printed. Pens designed for children or for the theater writing (as in the manner of a whiteboard or overhead projector) typically use non-permanent inks. Large markers used to label shipping cases or supplementary packages are usually steadfast markers.
A gel pen uses ink in which pigment is suspended in a water-based gel. Because the ink is thick and opaque, it shows taking place more understandably upon dark or slick surfaces than the typical inks used in ballpoint or felt tip pens. Gel pens can be used for many types of writing and illustration. Gel pens often come in shining or neon colors.
A stylus pen, plural styli or styluses, is a writing utensil or a small tool for some extra form of marking or shaping, for example, in pottery. It can afterward be a computer accessory that is used to back up in navigating or providing more truth once using touchscreens. It usually refers to a narrow extended staff, similar to a liberal ballpoint pen. Pens exist which contain a ballpoint tip upon one stop and this sort of touchscreen stylus upon the other.
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